Simulated microgravity decreases apoptosis in fetal fibroblasts
2024-09-27
Space travel is a major challenge for human beings. Especially, the mechanisms through which space conditions might alter animal development have been questioned for a long time. The two major physical stress factors that are of relevance in this context are space radiation and weightlessness. While it has been extensively shown that high doses of ionizing radiation induce deleterious effects on embryonic development
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Nanostructured substrate conformation can decrease osteoblast-like cell dysfunction in simulated microgravity conditions
2024-09-27
Cells in situ are surrounded with defined structural elements formed by the nanomolecular extracellular matrix (ECM), and at the same time subjected to different mechanical stimuli arising from variety of physiological processes. In this study, using a nanotextured substrate mimicking the structural elements of the ECM and simulated microgravity, we wanted to develop a multifactorial model and understand better what guides cells in determining the morphological cell response.
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Physiological Responses of Jurkat Lymphocytes to Simulated Microgravity Conditions
2024-09-27
The presence of microgravity conditions deeply affects the human body functions at the systemic, organ and cellular levels. This study aimed to investigate the effects induced by simulated-microgravity on non-stimulated Jurkat lymphocytes, an immune cell phenotype considered as a biosensor of the body responses, in order to depict at the cellular level the effects of such a peculiar condition. Jurkat cells were grown at 1 g or on random positioning machine simulating microgravity. On these cells we performed: morphological,
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Dexamethasone Inhibits Spheroid Formation of Thyroid Cancer Cells Exposed to Simulated Microgravity
2024-09-27
Detachment and the formation of spheroids under microgravity conditions can be observed with various types of intrinsically adherent human cells. In particular, for cancer cells this process mimics metastasis and may provide insights into cancer biology and progression that can be used to identify new drug/target combinations for future therapies. By using the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX),
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Characterization of Human Chondrocytes Exposed to Simulated Microgravity
2024-09-27
Background: Tissue engineering is a strategy of cartilage regeneration, but scaffolds, required for 3D growth of chondrocytes, are still a problem. Methods: Searching for possibilities to improve scaffold-free engineering of cartilage, we characterized human chondrocytes incubated on a random positioning machine (RPM) to simulate microgravity (mu g). Results: When cultured in simulated mu g, human chondrocytes start forming 3D cell assemblies within 5 days. After 24h
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Common Effects on Cancer Cells Exerted by a Random Positioning Machine and a 2D Clinostat
2024-07-10
In this study we focused on gravity-sensitive proteins of two human thyroid cancer cell lines (ML-1, RO82-W-1), which were exposed to a 2D clinostat (CLINO), a random positioning machine (RPM) and to normal 1g-conditions. After a three (3d)-or seven-day-culture (7d) on the two devices, we found both cell types growing three-dimensionally within multicellular spheroids (MCS) and also cells remaining adherent (AD) to the culture flask, while 1g-control cultures only formed adherent monolayers......
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Cytokine Release and Focal Adhesion Proteins in Normal Thyroid Cells Cultured on the Random Positioning Machine
2024-07-10
Background/Aims: Spaceflight impacts on the function of the thyroid gland in vivo. In vitro normal and malignant thyrocytes assemble in part to multicellular spheroids (MCS) after exposure to the random positioning machine (RPM), while a number of cells remain adherent (AD). We aim to elucidate possible differences between AD and MCS cells compared to 1g-controls of normal human thyroid cells. Methods: Cells of the human follicular epithelial thyroid cell line Nthy-ori 3-1 were incubated for up ......
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Changes in Morphology, Gene Expression and Protein Content in Chondrocytes Cultured on a Random Positioning Machine
2024-07-10
Tissue engineering of chondrocytes on a Random Positioning Machine (RPM) is a new strategy for cartilage regeneration. Using a three-dimensional RPM, a device designed to simulate microgravity on Earth, we investigated the early effects of RPM exposure on human chondrocytes of six different donors after 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, 16 h, and 24 h and compared the results with the corresponding static controls cultured under normal gravity conditions. As little as 30 min of RPM exposure resulted in increased ......
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Chiral and non-chiral nutations in Arabidopsis roots grown on the random positioning machine
2024-07-10
Arabidopsis thaliana roots grown on a vertically set plate do not elongate straight down the gravitational vector, but by making waves and coils, and by conspicuously slanting towards the right-hand. This behaviour, in a previous paper, was ascribed to the simultaneous effect of three processes: circumnutation, positive gravitropism and negative thigmotropism. However, when the plants are grown on the Random Positioning Machine (RPM), in conditions that are believed to simulate space......